A stator and rotor are components of a three phase induction motor. While the rotor has a short circuited winding known as rotor winding, the stator has a three-phase winding known as stator winding. The rotor winding receives its voltage and power from the stator winding using electromagnetic induction. The stator winding is fueled by a three-phase supply. Therefore, electromagnetic induction serves as the basis for how a three-phase induction motor operates.
Take a look at the figure to view a section of a three phase induction motor. Consequently, the following can be used to illustrate how a three-phase induction motor operates:
A rotating magnetic field (RMF) is created when the stator winding is linked to a balanced three-phase supply and revolves around the stator at synchronous speed (Ns). Where,
Ns = 120f/p
The rotor conductors are initially immobile when the RMF enters the air gap and cuts them. The rotor conductors experience an EMF as a result of the relative motion between the RMF and the stationary rotor. The rotor conductors begin to experience current flow because the rotor circuit has been shorted.
The conductors of the rotor that carry current are now in a magnetic field produced by the stator. This results in mechanical force acting on the conductors of the rotor. The total mechanical forces acting on each conductor of the rotor combine to create a torque that attempts to move the rotor in the same direction as the RMF.
The induction motor thus begins to turn. It is clear from the explanation above that a three-phase induction motor can start on its own.
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